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lapis lazuli, semiprecious stone valued for its deep blue colour. The source of the pigment ultramarine (q.v.), it is not a mineral but a rock coloured by lazurite (see sodalite). In addition to the sodalite minerals in lapis lazuli, small amounts of white calcite and of pyrite crystals are usually present.
citrine, transparent, coarse-grained variety of the silica mineral quartz (q.v.). Citrine is a semiprecious gem that is valued for its yellow to brownish colour and its resemblance to the rarer topaz. Colloidally suspended hydrous iron oxide gives citrine its color.